Fish Eye Fisheye
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Fish eye and wide angle lenses, what are they used for?
hey 
Do you own a fish eye lens?, what sort of photography is it best used for?
How come both wide angle and fisheye lenses have the bubble shaped lens but only the fisheye has the effect, isnt it to do with the lens shape
should i invest in wide angle or fish eye lenses
Thankyou
Extreme wide angle lenses come in three flavours.
First there is a 'cloud lens' these are used my the Met Office and are used pointing strait up to get a 360° view of the sky and the weathermen use them for seeing the percentage of cloud, type of cloud etc. Nikon still make a 10mm version of these, they are massive, cost about £4500.00 and weigh about 4 Kilo.
More practical is the 'rectilinear' this is the commonest type of extreme wide angle, all lens manufacturers make at least one.
Then there is the 'fisheye' the difference between a 'fisheye' and the rectilinear is how the lens distorts a 3D world onto a 2D sensor or film, a task that all lenses do, but at these extreme wide angles they have to do it differently.
The best way to describe the difference is to take an example. Imagine you are stood at one corner of a giant chess board. A rectilinear's distortion would be to the perspective so the square chess board would be kite shaped, in other words the centre of the chess board would appear further away and the foreground would be extended towards you, but the lines on the chess board would still be strait.
The same scenario, but with a fisheye. The centre of the chessboard would still be in the centre of the image, both vertically and horizontally, but the strait lines would be curves like looking through a goldfish bowl. At the centre of the lens, both vertically and horizontally no distortion takes place, the distortion is most severe at 45° from the centre.
Advantages of the rectilinear are obviously the way it maintains strait lines, but the disadvantages are that distortion is throughout all the image, and a lot less angle of view. A 10mm fisheye will give you a full 180° field of view, a 10mm rectilinear only about 135°, not much more than a non distorting 15mm lens would. My rectilinear is the least used lens in my bag, indeed often it doesn't find its way into my camera bag. The fisheye is always carried.
Advantages of both kinds of 10mm extreme wide angle lens is its massive depth of field at f16 everything from a couple of inches from the lens to the horizon is in focus.
You have to learn how to use a fisheye lens, as I said it has no distortion on the vertical and horizontal centre of the lens so things like horizons have to be in the centre if you want them to be strait, and you have to hold the 'plane' of the lens square to the subject unless, of course, you want to exaggerate the distortion. They are good at separating things which are, in reality, very close.
An example, suppose you are taking a 3/4 view of a car (from one corner), because of the depth of field you can literally put your lens 2" away from the headlight and fill the frame with the car. The headlight would appear massive in the picture, but somebody stood just 1ft. away from the rear of the car would appear miles away. By altering the squareness (tilting the camera up or down) you can control the amount of curve on the front bumper from not a lot of distortion to Whoa!! Lots.
Another effective technique with landscape is to place the main subject and horizon in the centre of the picture (where there is no distortion) and use the distortion to make the clouds and trees (which can be any shape, so people don't see the distortion) seem to point at the main subject.
In other words a fisheye is a 'creative tool' and people who don't like them are usually the un imaginative, non creative type of photographer. I wouldn't be without mine, but I acknowledge they're are not for everybody..
Chris
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